Entomopathogenic Potential of Hirsutella spp. Against Guava Fruit Fly (Bactrocera Zonata): A Step Toward Sustainable Agriculture

Guava (psidium gujava L.) belonging to the Myrtaceae family, is an important fruit crop of tropical and subtropical regions. Production of guava is affected by many biotic or abiotic factors. Biotic factors, particularly fruit flies (Diptera), cause heavy losses. This research aimed to control fruit fly infestations. The entomopathogenic fungus Hirsutella spp. was utilized as a biocontrol agent against the fruit fly, Bactrocera zonata. In vitro bioassays of bio-control agent Hirsutella against Bactrocera zonata was performed. Data were statistically analyzed. The mycelial growth and entomopathogenic activity of fungus against B. zonata were observed under optimal laboratory conditions maintained at 23±1°C for 10-12 days. Hirsutella spp. achieved significant control of Bactrocera zonata (Diptera: Tephritidae). Under lab conditions, the concentrations of Hirsutella culture was applied as protective treatment which was more efficient as compared to curative one. Hirsutella spp. demonstrated significant potential as a biological control agent for effectively suppressing fruit fly population. Hirsutella showed significant results as a preferable substitute for both the environment and human health. Different concentrations of Hirsutella was applied against B. zonata and significantly different effects showed at mortality percentage. Different concentrations of Hirsutella was applied against B. zonata and significantly different effects showed at mortality percentage. Significant mortality in adult 93.4% and in pupae 62.9% was observed at high amount of fungal concentration (1x1020 conidia/mL). The least mortality was showed at minimum concentration applied (1x1010 conidia/mL). Mazximum mortality was observed at (1 x1020 conidia/mL) concentration at adult stage. These results indicate Hirsutella spp. an effective, environmentally safe biocontrol agent for B. zonata, supporting its integration into fruit fly management strategies.

Keywords: Biocontrol, Bactrocera Zonata, Hirsutella spp, insect bait method, entomopathogenic fungi.